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Questions 1-10  Listen from here

Complete the notes below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

 

Noise in Cities

Past research focused on noise level (measured in decibels) and people’s responses.

Noise ‘maps’

•    show that the highest noise levels are usually found on roads

•    do not show other sources of noise, e.g. when windows are open or people’s neighbours are in their 1

•    ignore variations in people’s perceptions of noise

•    have made people realize that the noise is a 2  issue that must be dealt with

Problems caused by noise

•    sleep disturbance

•    increase in amount of stress

•    effect on the 3  of schoolchildren

Different types of noise

Some noises can be considered pleasant e.g. the sound of a 4  in a town

To investigate this, researchers may use methods from 5  sciences e.g. questionnaires

What people want

Plenty of activity in urban environments which are 6 , but also allow people to relax

But architects and town planners

•    do not get much 7  in acoustics

•    regard sound as the responsibility of engineers

Understanding sound as an art form

We need to know

•    how sound relates to 8

•    what can be learnt from psychology about the effects of sound

•    whether physics can help us understand the 9  of sound

Virtual reality programs

•    advantage: predict the effect of buildings

•    current disadvantage: they are 10

 

 

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